ch07s04 - Red Hat OpenShift Administration I: Operating a Production Cluster

Guided Exercise: Update Application Image and Settings

Update the manifests of a database and a web application while minimizing interruption of service to their users.

Outcomes

You should be able to pause, update, and resume a deployment, and roll back a failing application.

As the student user on the workstation machine, use the lab command to prepare your system for this exercise.

This command ensures that all resources are available for this exercise. It also creates the updates-rollout-db project and deploys a MySQL database in that project. It creates the updates-rollout-web project and then deploys a web application with 10 replicas.

The command creates the /home/student/DO180/labs/updates-rollout/resources.txt file. The resources.txt file contains the name of the images and some commands that you use during the exercise. You can use the file to copy and paste these image names and commands.

[student@workstation ~]$ lab start updates-rollout

Instructions

Log in to the OpenShift cluster as the developer user with the developer password. Use the updates-rollout-db project.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc login -u developer -p developer \
  https://api.ocp4.example.com:6443
Login successful.
...output omitted...

Set the updates-rollout-db project as the active project.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc project updates-rollout-db
...output omitted...

Review the resources that the lab command created. Confirm that you can connect to the database. The MySQL database uses ephemeral storage.
1. List the Deployment object and confirm that the pod is available. Retrieve the name of the container. You use that information when you update the container image in another step.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc get deployment -o wide
NAME   READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE   CONTAINERS ...
mydb   1/1     0            1           17m   mysql-80   ...
```
2. List the pods and confirm that the pod is running. The name of the pod on your system probably differs.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc get pod
NAME                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
mydb-5c79866d48-5xzkk   1/1     Running   0          18m
```
3. Retrieve the name of the image that the pod is using. The pod is using the rhel9/mysql-80 image version 1-224. Replace the pod name with your own from the previous step.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc get pod mydb-5c79866d48-5xzkk \
  -o jsonpath='{.spec.containers[0].image}{"\n"}'
registry.ocp4.example.com:8443/rhel9/mysql-80:1-224
```
  The classroom setup copied that image from the Red Hat Ecosystem Catalog. The original image is registry.redhat.io/rhel9/mysql-80.
4. Confirm that you can connect to the database system by listing the available databases. Run the mysql command from inside the pod and connect as the operator1 user by using test as the password.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc rsh mydb-5c79866d48-5xzkk \
  mysql --user=operator1 --password=test -e "SHOW DATABASES"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
| quotes             |
+--------------------+
```

You must implement several updates to the Deployment object. Pause the deployment to prevent OpenShift from rolling out the application for each modification that you make. After you pause the deployment, change the password for the operator1 database user, update the container image, and then resume the deployment.

Pause the mydb deployment.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc rollout pause deployment/mydb
deployment.apps/mydb paused

Change the password of the operator1 database user to redhat123. To change the password, update the MYSQL_PASSWORD environment variable in the pod template of the Deployment object.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc set env deployment/mydb MYSQL_PASSWORD=redhat123
deployment.apps/mydb updated
```

Because the Deployment object is paused, confirm that the new password is not yet active. To do so, rerun the mysql command by using the current password. The database connection succeeds.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc rsh mydb-5c79866d48-5xzkk \
  mysql --user=operator1 --password=test -e "SHOW DATABASES"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
| quotes             |
+--------------------+

Update the MySQL container image to the 1-228 version.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc set image deployment/mydb \
  mysql-80=registry.ocp4.example.com:8443/rhel9/mysql-80:1-228
deployment.apps/mydb image updated

Because the Deployment object is paused, confirm that the pod still uses the 1-224 image version.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc get pod mydb-5c79866d48-5xzkk \
  -o jsonpath='{.spec.containers[0].image}{"\n"}'
registry.ocp4.example.com:8443/rhel9/mysql-80:1-224

Resume the mydb deployment.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc rollout resume deployment/mydb
deployment.apps/mydb resumed

Confirm that the new rollout completes by waiting for the new pod to be running. The name of the pod on your system probably differs.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc get pods
NAME                   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
mydb-dd5dcbddb-rmf85   1/1     Running   0          2m2s

Verify that OpenShift applied all your modifications to the Deployment object.

Retrieve the name of the image that the new pod is using. In the following command, use the name of the new pod as a parameter to the oc get pod command. The pod is now using the 1-228 image version.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc get pod mydb-dd5dcbddb-rmf85 \
  -o jsonpath='{.spec.containers[0].image}{"\n"}'
registry.ocp4.example.com:8443/rhel9/mysql-80:1-228
```

Confirm that you can connect to the database system by using the new password, redhat123, for the operator1 database user.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc rsh mydb-dd5dcbddb-rmf85 \
  mysql --user=operator1 --password=redhat123 -e "SHOW DATABASES"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
| quotes             |
+--------------------+

In the second part of the exercise, you perform a rolling update of a replicated web application. Use the updates-rollout-web project and review the resources that the lab command created.

Set the updates-rollout-web project as the active project.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc project updates-rollout-web
...output omitted...

List the Deployment object and confirm that the pods are available. Retrieve the name of the containers. You use that information when you update the container image in another step.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc get deployment -o wide
NAME      READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE   CONTAINERS      ...
version   10/10   10           10          32m   versioned-hello ...

List the ReplicaSet objects. Because OpenShift did not yet perform rolling updates, only one ReplicaSet object exists. The name of the ReplicaSet object on your system probably differs.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc get replicaset
NAME                 DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
version-7bfff6b5b4   10        10        10      11m
```

Retrieve the name and version of the image that the ReplicaSet object uses to deploy the pods. The pods are using the redhattraining/versioned-hello image version v1.0.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc get replicaset version-7bfff6b5b4 \
  -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[0].image}{"\n"}'
registry.ocp4.example.com:8443/redhattraining/versioned-hello:v1.0

Confirm that the version deployment includes a readiness probe. The probe performs an HTTP GET request on port 8080.

[student@workstation ~]$ oc get deployment version \
  -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[0].readinessProbe}' | jq .
{
  "failureThreshold": 3,
  "httpGet": {
    "path": "/",
    "port": 8080,
    "scheme": "HTTP"
  },
  "initialDelaySeconds": 3,
  "periodSeconds": 10,
  "successThreshold": 1,
  "timeoutSeconds": 1
}

To watch the rolling update that you cause in a following step, open a new terminal window and then run the ~/DO180/labs/updates-rollout/curl_loop.sh script that the lab command prepared. The script sends web requests to the application in a loop.
1. Open a new terminal.
2. Run the /home/student/DO180/labs/updates-rollout/curl_loop.sh script. Leave the script running and do not interrupt it.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ /home/student/DO180/labs/updates-rollout/curl_loop.sh
Hi!
Hi!
Hi!
Hi!
...output omitted...
```
Change the container image of the version deployment. The new application version creates a web page with a different message.
1. Switch back to the first terminal window, and then use the oc set image command to update the deployment.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc set image deployment/version \
versioned-hello=registry.ocp4.example.com:8443/redhattraining/versioned-hello:v1.1
deployment.apps/version image updated
```
2. Changing the image caused a rolling update. Watch the output of the curl_loop.sh script in the second terminal. If the output of the curl_loop.sh is not updating, then press Ctrl+c to stop the script in the second terminal. Then, restart the script.
  Before the update, only pods that run the v1.0 version of the application reply. During the rolling updates, both old and new pods are responding. After the update, only pods that run the v1.1 version of the application reply. The following output probably differs on your system.
```
...output omitted...
Hi!
Hi!
Hi!
Hi!
Hi! v1.1
Hi! v1.1
Hi!
Hi! v1.1
Hi!
Hi! v1.1
Hi! v1.1
Hi! v1.1
Hi! v1.1
...output omitted...
```
  Do not stop the script.
Confirm that the rollout process is successful. List the ReplicaSet objects and verify that the new object uses the new image version.
1. Use the oc rollout status command to confirm that the rollout process is successful.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc rollout status deployment/version
deployment "version" successfully rolled out
```
2. List the ReplicaSet objects. The initial object scaled down to zero pods. The new ReplicaSet object scaled up to 10 pods. The names of the ReplicaSet objects on your system probably differ.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc get replicaset
NAME                 DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
version-7bfff6b5b4   0         0         0       28m
version-b7fddfc8c    10        10        10      3m40s
```
3. Retrieve the name and version of the image that the new ReplicaSet object uses. This image provides the new version of the application.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc get replicaset version-b7fddfc8c \
  -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[0].image}{"\n"}'
registry.ocp4.example.com:8443/redhattraining/versioned-hello:v1.1
```
Roll back the version deployment.
1. Use the oc rollout undo command to roll back to the initial application version. Ignore the warning message.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc rollout undo deployment/version
deployment.apps/version rolled back
```
2. Watch the output of the curl_loop.sh script in the second terminal. The pods that run the v1.0 version of the application are responding again. The following output probably differs on your system.
```
...output omitted...
Hi! v1.1
Hi! v1.1
Hi! v1.1
Hi! v1.1
Hi!
Hi! v1.1
Hi!
Hi! v1.1
Hi! v1.1
Hi!
Hi!
Hi!
...output omitted...
```
  Press Ctrl+C to quit the script. Close that second terminal when done.
3. List the ReplicaSet objects. The initial object scaled up to 10 pods. The object for the new application version scaled down to zero pods.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ oc get replicaset
NAME                 DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
version-7bfff6b5b4   10        10        10      52m
version-b7fddfc8c    0         0         0       27m
```

Finish

On the workstation machine, use the lab command to complete this exercise. This step is important to ensure that resources from previous exercises do not impact upcoming exercises.

[student@workstation ~]$ lab finish updates-rollout